The AI bubble is the bubbliest bubble that ever bubbled. We’ve covered at length how venture capital is moribund except AI and especially OpenAI, how the VCs are desperate to keep the party pumping, how the investors will spend billions of real actual dollars to get twice the imaginary dollars, and how this whole huge Enron-style imaginary money shuffle has a couple of years at most before it all falls over.

So this week we have OpenAI and AMD announcing a deal! Or a deal to do a deal. Nothing has actually happened. [WSJ]

AMD is a huge chip maker. They do the best CPUs right now. But AMD is also Nvidia’s biggest competitor for video card chips that just happen to be good for number crunching too. Such as training AI models.

I’m actually surprised that AMD haven’t done better in the AI bubble and it’s all been Nvidia. But OpenAI is here to help!

Starting in 2026, OpenAI will, allegedly, purchase up to “6 gigawatts” of AMD chips. AMD says that’s “tens of billions of dollars per gigawatt.” They will not say what the actual dollar numbers are.

OpenAI gets cheap options on up to 10% of AMD’s company value if it deploys enough AMD chips. AMD’s stock price also has to go up.

Not one penny has moved, not one chip has moved, not one share of stock has moved. OpenAI has to find the money to buy all these AMD chips.

But in the meantime, both companies can do press releases and throw around eight-digit numbers with a dollar sign in front.

It doesn’t matter that the eight-digit numbers are just made-up. Because AMD’s stock price promptly went up like a rocket, up 23.7% on the day, and up 38% in the past week as I write this.

Nvidia’s not sleeping. They’re doing a lot of circular deals themselves, where they “invest” in an AI company so that company can buy more Nvidia chips.

Last month, Nvidia also did a deal-to-make-a-deal with OpenAI. Nvidia will put “up to” $100 billion into OpenAI. And the way that works is, OpenAI buys up to 10 gigawatts of Nvidia chips, and Nvidia buys more and more equity in OpenAI. With actual dollars! As far as anything actually happens in this deal. [FT]

Both the AMD and Nvidia deals depend on OpenAI having the data centres to put all these chips in, and the electricity to power them. OpenAI is already having problems getting enough power for these fairyland data centres in the sky.

The mainstream press is finally saying the words “AI bubble” out loud. But somehow, they’re still not really bothering to connect the dots. The numbers don’t maIke sense. They’re just stupid:

1. OpenAI sets money on fire to sell a product that loses money every time someone uses it.
2. There is no path to profit.
3. To keep this going, OpenAI is supposedly building more data centres — with other people’s money they haven’t got yet.
4. These vaporware data centres will run on power that doesn’t exist yet.
5. To power these data centres, OpenAI needs to build out generation capacity faster than anyone’s ever built out that much power.
6. If they can even get the parts.

SoftBank is still trying to get together the money to prop up OpenAI. They’re looking under the sofa cushions for $5 billion and trying to borrow the money backed by their share holding in ARM. [Bloomberg]

The circular deals are like an industry-wide Enron. They’re all sending each other the same billion virtual dollars in a loop. [SF Gate]

I’m going to predict things again. Here’s how I think the bubble collapses:

• First, the smaller AI companies will go down. They’ll just run out of cash and won’t be rescued. We might see some desperate mergers so their investors can pretend all that imaginary book value is still there.
• The last one to go down will be OpenAI. It’ll run out of money so thoroughly that not even everyone put together whose accounts are held up by OpenAI equity will be able to pump in money fast enough to keep the company propped up. They finally have to admit their losses.
• Without the flagship, the whole thing falls down.
• Google, Microsoft, and Amazon can finally admit this never made any money. They have an excuse to account massive losses and go “oh well.”
• Nvidia will be fine — they’re the ones who got everyone else’s money.

Now we’ve got the Bank of England weighing in and saying this is obviously dumb and broken and it’s going to crash the whole market: [Bank of England]

Downside factors included disappointing AI capability/adoption progress or increased competition, which could drive a re-evaluation of currently high expected future earnings. Material bottlenecks to AI progress … could also harm valuations, including for companies whose revenue expectations are derived from high levels of anticipated AI infrastructure investment.

That sounds understated — but if you translate from central banker, all that means “DANGER! DANGER!”

Jamie Dimon of JPMorgan, talking to the BBC, gives it six months to two years before there’s a major correction, where the whole stock market crashes. Dimon was asked about how this happens: [BBC; BBC, podcast]

BBC: If you look at some of the things that are going on in the AI tech space, you’ve got, you know, NVIDIA taking stakes in OpenAI, Microsoft taking stakes in OpenAI, the federal government taking stakes in Intel, there’s all these cross-holdings. It looks a bit weird, doesn’t it? How would you track it?

DIMON: Well, AI is a little bit different, you know, and there are some justifications for vendor finance and things like that, so you’re going to have to go through each one. Regarding America’s investments, I think, you know, I’m not going to talk about stockpiling, you know, things like crypto, I say we should be stockpiling bullets, guns, and bombs, I mean, the world’s a much more dangerous place, and I’d rather have safety than not.

That’s the sort of very normal talk you don’t really expect to hear from an investment banker. The US already has the world’s largest military — Dimon’s speaking from a personal place. After a stockmarket crash, you gotta stockpile bullets, guns, and bombs! But I’m sure Dimon won’t shoot his own foot off personally when he’s going rich guy Mad Max wanna-survivalist.

• Video version

Today's links

• The curious, intertwined history of climate and digital rights activism: It's going much [better|worse] than expected.
• Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
• Object permanence: Bricked EVs; Cross-stitched tracert.
• Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
• Recent appearances: Where I've been.
• Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
• Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
• Colophon: All the rest.

The curious, intertwined history of climate and digital rights activism (permalink)

I am an environmentalist, but I'm not a climate activist. I used to be – I even used to ring strangers' doorbells on behalf of Greenpeace. But a quarter of a century ago, I fell in with the Electronic Frontier Foundation and became a lifelong digital rights activist, and switched to cheering on environmental activists from the sidelines of their fight:

https://eff.org

Over the decades, there've been many moments where I've been struck by the parallels between climate activism and tech activism. In both cases, the foundational challenge is getting people to care about the looming catastrophic effects of bad policies. In both cases, those policies and their effects are highly abstract and technical, and are downstream of a huge, weird, cross-cutting set of contingencies and circumstances, which makes it hard for anyone to truly take their measure. You don't just have to master the technical issues – you have to get your arms around the economic, social and political issues, too. Bad tech policy and bad climate policy are both wicked problems, hard to define and even harder to solve.

Whether we're talking about tech or the climate, there is a surefire way to get people to care about these issues: simply do nothing, allow these problems to get worse, and worse still, until millions of peoples' lives have been ruined. Then, of course, people will care. If we do nothing about fire debt and rising temperatures, then everyone who lives in the urban-wildlife interface will lose their homes and possibly their lives to a wildfire. And if we do nothing about surveillance, manipulation and monopoly, then eventually everyone will find their pay slashed, their freedoms curtailed, their identities stolen, and their pockets picked by a tech monopolist or an opportunistic predator living off of the monopolist's weakened, vulnerable victims.

In some important sense, the job of an activist is to raise the salience and convey the urgency of these issues before those consequences are upon us. Both climate and tech activists use storytelling to do this, and I've written novels that are cautionary tales about what happens if we get climate wrong and if we get tech wrong, as well as novels that are meant to inspire hope for the kind of world we could have if we get them right.

Both climate and tech activists have to contend with bullshit neoliberal "solutions" that propose to solve the problem by deploying technologically outlandish policies. Tech activists have to fight with people who say we can solve the commercial surveillance problem by "getting consent" to spy on people. Environmental activists have to fight with people who say we can control emissions with garbage "carbon credits" that make Elon Musk into a centibillionaire by selling indulgences to SUV manufacturers that fill our roads and our skies with ever-mounting clouds of CO2 and carcinogenic exhaust:

https://pluralistic.net/2021/11/24/no-puedo-pagar-no-pagara/#Rat

Both climate and tech activists have to show people that this crisis stems from systemic dysfunctions, not individual consumption choices. We have to get our supporters to stop focusing on agonizing about whether they should use a plastic straw or agonizing about whether they should quit Facebook, and focus instead on using politics to shatter the power of the giant, wildly profitable corporations that got us into this crisis. We need to smash oil companies like Chevron and Exxon, and we have to smash oily rag companies like Facebook and Google:

https://pluralistic.net/2021/04/05/zucks-oily-rags/#into-the-breach

Beyond these parallels, both climate and tech activism have some actual commonalities. The biggest barrier to getting good tech or climate policy is the power of the cartel that dominates each sector. Cartels aren't just contrivances for raising prices – they're even better at capturing their regulators. A hundred small and medium-sized companies are a hopeless rabble, unable to agree on anything – especially what they want from regulators. But five giant companies find it very easy to come to agreement, and they are aslosh in monopoly cash, which they can mobilize to get their way in policy forums:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/06/05/regulatory-capture/

But there's another, more hopeful parallel between tech and climate: after decades of vapor lock, both have seen rapid global improvement. Solar is racing ahead of all expectations. Globally, we're getting more power from solar than we are from coal. Solar is cheaper than any form of fossil fuel. Solar gets better every day, and we're figuring out how to overcome some of the serious challenges to solar, like finding all the materials we'll need for a solar transition. It turns out that a lot of the challenges on that front boil down to the fact that recycling old cleantech uses up a lot of energy. But as solar gets cheaper and more efficient, we have a lot of energy, and we can take apart an old solar panel that ran at 20% efficiency and use its recovered materials to make two solar panels that each run at 40% efficiency:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/08/06/with-great-power/#comes-great-responsibility

Then there's tech. The past half-decade has seen more global action on tech regulation than the previous 40 years. Not all of it is good – plenty of it is as stupid as pinning your hopes on carbon capture or fusion reactors – but governments all over the world have got the bit in their teeth and they're champing at it:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/08/07/the-people-no-2/#water-flowing-uphill

For both climate and tech, Trump is turning out to be a (mixed) blessing in disguise. Sure, he's killing decarbonization in the US, but he's also alienating America's (former) allies so quickly and thoroughly that many countries are moving closer to China's orbit. Again, that's a mixed blessing, but one very positive impact of Trump's beliigerence is that it has lit a fire under the leaders of other (formerly) friendly countries, spurring big, ambitious programs to escape US-based tech companies:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/01/15/beauty-eh/#its-the-only-war-the-yankees-lost-except-for-vietnam-and-also-the-alamo-and-the-bay-of-ham

Back in the first Trump administration, tariffs on Chinese solar panels led Chinese manufacturers to flood countries in the global south with solar panels that were so cheap that whole regions solarized, virtually overnight. Pakistan – one of the countries suffering the most from a changing climate, and most at risk from future changes – is now a solar nation, so much so that its national power company is in danger of going bust because everyone's making their own electricity rather than buying it from the grid.

Meanwhile, Putin's invasion of Ukraine pushed Europe – all of it, but especially Germany – into a galloping solar transition of its own. Virtually every high rise in Germany is now dotted (or even covered) with cheap, easy to hang balcony solar panels. Europe is way ahead of its energy transition goals:

https://electrek.co/2025/09/30/solar-leads-eu-electricity-generation-as-renewables-hit-54-percent/

Putin's not the only dictator pushing Europe to enact rapid changes in order to escape US Big Tech silos, building a "Eurostack" of open, transparent, made-in-the-EU applications and services that are meant to replace American tech platforms:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/06/25/eurostack/#viktor-orbans-isp

Another, unhappier commonality between tech and climate: it's not just that both are getting better faster than we'd thought possible, it's also that they're both getting worse faster than we'd feared.

On climate, virtually every bad thing that showed up in our models is breaking faster than we thought it would. The permafrost is melting faster and it's releasing more methane than we'd anticipated. The gulf stream and jet stream are bother getting more screwy, more quickly than predicted. Sure, we're decarbonizing and solarizing faster than we thought we could – but the world is falling apart faster than we thought it would, too:

https://billmckibben.substack.com/p/something-extraordinary-just-happened

And I don't have to tell you what's happening with tech. Technofascism is ascendant. ICE is using our devices to round up our neighbors and send them to torture prisons. Trump is using our social media posts to hunt down "the radical left" as a prelude to mass purges. Seven AI companies are now a third of the S&P 500, and they're losing money even faster than they are emitting carbon, and the crash on the horizon is gonna make 2008 look like a walk in the park:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/09/27/econopocalypse/

What's more, tech and cleantech are merging. The enshittification that has turned every platform to shit can now turn every part of the cleantech stack into a pile of shit, too. If Apple can pull the ICEBlock app out of your phone, then a solar inverter company can also remotely shut down your solar array and leave you in the dark:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/10/06/america-with-chinese-characteristics/#orphaned-syrian-refugees-need-not-apply

For all of this century, I've been a tech activist, but it's turning out that being a tech activist has an awful lot in common with being a climate activist, and sometimes – as when we're fighting to keep EVs from being bricked by their manufacturers or to prevent rent-seeking with inverters – they're literally the same thing.

The great James Boyle has described the transformational power of the word "ecology." Without that word, there's no obvious connection between, say, the campaign to save the ozone layer and the campaign to save endangered owls. The fate of charismatic nocturnal avians is not readily understood as being of a piece with the gaseous composition of the upper atmosphere. The word "ecology" makes the connection, and so transforms a thousand issues into a movement

I think something like that is happening again. There's a inchoate movement groping its way to understanding that it is a movement – that the problems of labor exploitation, fascism, climate degradation, surveillance, authoritarianism and genocide are all connected to each other by the fact that they are caused by extreme concentrations of wealth and power. Highly concentrated wealth and power is dangerous in and of itself, because even the most benign billionaire isn't infallible, and the stupid decisions of very rich people are far more consequential than the stupid decisions you or I make. Our mistakes make the people around us unhappy. Billionaires' mistakes – like their dilettanteish obsession with "education reform" – can ruin a whole generation:

https://pluralistic.net/2021/07/26/aggregate-demand/#ed-bezzle

And of course, the kind of person who amasses billions is pretty much never a benign person. The story you have to tell yourself in order to become a billionaire makes you into a literal psychopath:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/08/18/seeing-like-a-billionaire/#npcs

We don't have a word for this new anti-enshittification, anti-oligarch, anti-carbon baron movement yet, but perhaps that word might be "solidarity." Solidarity is the opposite of fascism. The solidarinet is the opposite of the enshitternet. Solidarity is what stops disasters from becoming catastrophes:

http://www.locusmag.com/Perspectives/2017/07/cory-doctorow-be-the-first-one-to-not-do-something-that-no-one-else-has-ever-not-thought-of-doing-before/

Hey look at this (permalink)

• UPS is 'disposing of' U.S.-bound packages over customs paperwork problems https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/ups-delay-customs-tariffs-packages-destroyed-rcna236607

• People regret buying Amazon smart displays after being bombarded with ads https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2025/10/people-regret-buying-amazon-smart-displays-after-being-bombarded-with-ads/

• How Antimonopoly is Enduring Despite Trumpian Corruption https://prospect.org/power/2025-10-09-antitrust-pam-bondi-corruption-senate/

• China confirms solar panel projects are irreversibly changing desert ecosystems https://glassalmanac.com/china-confirms-solar-panel-projects-are-irreversibly-changing-desert-ecosystems/

• People regret buying Amazon smart displays after being bombarded with ads https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2025/10/people-regret-buying-amazon-smart-displays-after-being-bombarded-with-ads/?utm_brand=arstechnica&utm_social-type=owned&utm_source=mastodon&utm_medium=social

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago Music labels: DRM makes you into iTunes’ love-slave https://web.archive.org/web/20051013082542/http://www.affbrainwash.com/archives/020414.php

#20yrsago 20 suicidal Congressional Reps demand a Broadcast Flag https://web.archive.org/web/20051011041517/http://www.eff.org/deeplinks/archives/004047.php

#20yrsago Cross-stitched tracert output https://web.archive.org/web/20051013061129/http://infosthetics.com/archives/2005/10/stitched_tracert_dos_commands.html

#15yrsago UK government ready to abolish consumer protection agencies as “waste” https://web.archive.org/web/20101013075803/http://www.noshockdoctrine.iparl.com/lobby/50

#1yrago Cars bricked by bankrupt EV company will stay bricked https://pluralistic.net/2024/10/10/software-based-car/#based

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

• New Orleans: DeepSouthCon63, Oct 10-12
  http://www.contraflowscifi.org/

• New Orleans: Enshittification at Octavia Books, Oct 12
  https://www.octaviabooks.com/event/enshittification-cory-doctorow

• Chicago: How Platforms Die with Rick Perlstein (University Club), Oct 14
  https://www.eventbrite.com/e/how-platforms-die-with-cory-doctorow-tickets-1747916117159

• Los Angeles: Enshittification with David Dayen (Diesel), Oct 16
  https://dieselbookstore.com/event/2025-10-16/cory-doctorow-enshittification

• San Francisco: Enshittification at Public Works with Jenny Odell (The Booksmith), Oct 20
  https://app.gopassage.com/events/doctorow25

• PDX: Enshittification at Powell's, Oct 21
  https://www.powells.com/events/cory-doctorow-10-21-25

• Seattle: Enshittification and the Rot Economy, with Ed Zitron (Clarion West), Oct 22
  https://www.clarionwest.org/event/2025-deep-dives-cory-doctorow/

• Vancouver: Enshittification with David Moscrop (Vancouver Writers Festival), Oct 23
  https://www.showpass.com/2025-festival-39/

• Montreal: Montreal Attention Forum keynote, Oct 24
  https://www.attentionconferences.com/conferences/2025-forum

• Montreal: Enshittification at Librarie Drawn and Quarterly, Oct 24
  https://mtl.drawnandquarterly.com/events/3757420251024

• Ottawa: Enshittification (Ottawa Writers Festival), Oct 25
  https://writersfestival.org/events/fall-2025/enshittification

• Toronto: Enshittification with Dan Werb (Type Books), Oct 27
  https://www.instagram.com/p/DO81_1VDngu/?img_index=1

• Barcelona: Conferencia EUROPEA 4D (Virtual), Oct 28
  https://4d.cat/es/conferencia/

• Miami: Enshittification at Books & Books, Nov 5
  https://www.eventbrite.com/e/an-evening-with-cory-doctorow-tickets-1504647263469

• Miami: Cloudfest, Nov 6
  https://www.cloudfest.com/usa/

• Burbank: Burbank Book Festival, Nov 8
  https://www.burbankbookfestival.com/

• Lisbon: A post-American, enshittification-resistant internet, with Rabble (Web Summit), Nov 12
  https://websummit.com/sessions/lis25/92f47bc9-ca60-4997-bef3-006735b1f9c5/a-post-american-enshittification-resistant-internet/

• Cardiff: Hay Festival After Hours, Nov 13
  https://www.hayfestival.com/c-203-hay-festival-after-hours.aspx

• London: Enshittification with Sarah Wynn-Williams and Chris Morris, Nov 15
  https://www.barbican.org.uk/whats-on/2025/event/cory-doctorow-with-sarah-wynn-williams

• Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
  https://compneuro.washington.edu/news-and-events/neuroscience-ai-and-society/

Recent appearances (permalink)

• Enshittification (Democracy Now!)
  https://www.democracynow.org/2025/10/10/cory_doctorow

• Enshittification with Lina Khan (Brooklyn Public Library)
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NCX5Yst64Hw

• Enshittification with Adam Conover (Factually)
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1EKQidRooc

• Enshittification (Everyday Anarchism)
  https://www.everydayanarchism.com/168-enshittification-cory-doctorow/

• The Trouble with Tech Companies (and Their Strategies) (Ideadcast)
  https://hbr.org/podcast/2025/10/the-trouble-with-tech-companies-and-their-strategies

Latest books (permalink)

• "Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025

• "Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
  https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/

• "Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).

• "The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).

• "The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).

• "The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).

• "Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.

• "Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

• "Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026

• "Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026

• "The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026

• "The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

• "The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE AND SUBMITTED.

• A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

This work – excluding any serialized fiction – is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. That means you can use it any way you like, including commercially, provided that you attribute it to me, Cory Doctorow, and include a link to pluralistic.net.

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Michael Kalus posted a photo:

Welcome back to the Abstract! These are the studies this week that lived long, played hard, crashed out, and topped it off with a glass of claret.

First off, it’s Naked Mole-Rat Week! Or at least it should be, given that there are multiple new studies about these rodents, which are neither moles nor rats, but are certifiably naked. Then: dogs on benders; ships on ice; and an aged wine with notes of oak, blackberry, and aggressive trade policy.

The age of Man is over; the time of the Mole-Rat has come

Yamakawa, Masanori et al. “Quantitative and systematic behavioral profiling reveals social complexity in eusocial naked mole-rats.” Science Advances.

Y. Chen et al. “A cGAS-mediated mechanism in naked mole-rats potentiates DNA repair and delays aging.” Science.

What a whirlwind week it’s been for the naked mole-rat beat, with studies that shed light into the complex social behavior of these burrowing rodents as well as their extreme longevity. Let’s make like a naked mole-rat and dig in! 

Naked mole-rats didn’t get the memo about being a normal mammal and instead opted for a “eusocial” society similar to insects that is ruled by a colony queen with an entourage of breeder males, which are supported by a caste system of non-breeding workers. It’s super weird, but it seems to be working out for them because they can live to nearly 40 years old—ten times longer than most animals their size—and they are highly resistant to cancer and a host of other deathbringers. 

Scientists took a closer look at the palace intrigue of these rodents by setting up several colonies in laboratory conditions and tracking their movements with microchips. The results revealed that queens are bossy bullies that get so tired from shoving their subjects around that they have to take frequent royal naps. 

Non-breeding workers, meanwhile, fell into six main “clusters” including cleaners, transport specialists, caretakers, diggers, and a group that just kind of idly loafs around (my spirit mole-rat cluster). 

“Breeding females patrol burrows and display agonistic dominance toward nonbreeders paralleling queen aggression in primitively eusocial insects,” said Masanori Yamakawa of Kumamoto University. Meanwhile, non-breeding “cluster 1 individuals (high mobility and garbage occupancy) may serve as transport specialists, whereas those in cluster 4 (low mobility and frequent occupancy of nonfunctional chambers) may engage primarily in digging tasks. Cluster 5 individuals, who frequently occupied toilet chambers, may contribute to cleaning-related roles.” 

In addition to this window into mole-rat social behavior, a new genetic analysis identified the critical role of an enzyme called cGAS, a common component in animal immune systems, in extending the lives of these subterranean super-agers. 

Whereas cGAS may hinder DNA repair in most animals, including humans and mice, the naked mole-rat has evolved a version of the enzyme with four modified amino acids that enhances DNA repair . Naturally, the researchers also engineered some fruit flies with this naked mole rat enzyme—you gotta mess with fruit flies or it’s not science—and lo and behold, the juiced flies lived to about 70 days, roughly ten days longer than the control group. 

“Our work provides a molecular basis for how DNA repair is activated to contribute to the exceptional longevity during evolution in naked mole-rats,” said researchers led by Yu Chen of Tongji University in Shanghai. “These findings support the notion that efficient DNA repair decelerates the aging process and raise the possibility that targeting cGAS to enhance DNA repair could provide an intervention strategy for promoting longevity.”

All those past adventurers were looking for the Fountain of Youth in the wrong places; it wasn’t in some beautiful tropical grove, but rather a stanky underground rodent pit. 

In non-naked-mole-rat news… 

Sit. Stay. Stage an intervention.

Mazzini, Alja et al “Addictive-like behavioural traits in pet dogs with extreme motivation for toy play.” Scientific Reports. 

Dogs can literally get addicted to the game, according to a study that probed “‘excessive toy motivation” in domestic dogs as “a potential parallel to behavioral addictions in humans.” What this means in practice is that researchers enlisted 105 dogs to play with a lot of really fun toys and about a third of them got totally hooked.

Thirty-three of the playful pooches “exhibited behaviors consistent with addictive-like tendencies including an excessive fixation on toys, reduced responsiveness to alternative stimuli, and persistent efforts to access toys,” said researchers led by Alja Mazzini of the University of Bern. “Dogs [are] the only non-human species so far that appears to develop addictive-like behaviours spontaneously without artificial induction.” 

While this an interesting scientific conclusion, the study is perhaps most notable for producing delightful footage of dogs in the midst of full-on toy benders. Like all of us who struggle with bad habits and fixations, these dogs will just have to take it one play at a time.

The enduring Endurance mystery

Tuhkuri, Jukka. Why did Endurance sink? Polar Record.

Endurance, the ship crushed by ice in 1915 during Ernest Shackleton's Antarctic expedition, was actually not all that endurant, according to Jukka Tukuri of Aalto University who concludes in a new study that “Shackleton was well aware of the risks related to the strength of Endurance, but chose to use it anyway.”

“This ship is not as strong as the Nimrod constructionally” wrote Shackleton of Endurance in a letter to his wife in 1914, comparing it to his previous Antarctic ride. “There is nothing to be scared of as I think she will go through ice all right only I would exchange her for the old Nimrod any day now except for comfort.”

You have to love the phrase “there is nothing to be scared of” in a letter from a guy on his way to the South Pole in a rickety ship that is definitely going to sink the following year. I’m sure Mrs. Shackleton was totally comforted by this! Tukuri provides many other fascinating diary entries to support his conclusion that “Endurance was not among the strongest ships of its time.”  

That said, Endurance spent more than a century two miles under the Antarctic seas before the wreck was amazingly rediscovered and photographed in 2022. It’s still looking pretty good, even if Shackleton’s decision to set sail in it does not hold up as well.

A toast to the 17th century

Leary, Charlie. “Tasting 1660s Bordeaux claret: temporal transformation and wine economics.” Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science.

To fight off that polar chill, let’s warm up for the (North American) long weekend with a really, really aged glass of wine. A new study upends the traditional narrative about the emergence of Bordeaux claret as a desired wine in the 1600s, suggesting it was not strictly developed in response to tariffs (Sike! I used wine to lure you into a disguised tariff story).  

“The advent of a stronger, darker style of Bordeaux red wine, known as claret, in the English market has drawn substantial scholarly interest because it played a pivotal role in the balance of trade and international political economy during the eighteenth century,” said author Charlie Leary, a wine historian. 

“Economic historians have posited that Bordeaux vignerons developed high-quality, high-priced claret in response to England’s fixed, volume-based tariffs on French wine,” he continued. “This article…shows that the new claret style pre-existed England’s tariff regime.” 

With that, cheers to lost years and jeers to economic fears.  

Thanks for reading! See you next week.

Today's links

• A disenshittification moment from the land of mass storage: Score one for the good guys.
• Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
• Object permanence: Douglas Copeland's depressing 10-year outlook; Unicorn poop; The brainwashing grift.
• Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
• Recent appearances: Where I've been.
• Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
• Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
• Colophon: All the rest.

A disenshittification moment from the land of mass storage (permalink)

Sometimes, you really can vote with your wallet. I know, I'm generally pretty down on this kind of thing, but sometimes, it works!

https://pluralistic.net/2025/09/13/consumption-choices/#marginal-benefits

Here's the latest victory from the land of wallet-based elections: Synology, a leading maker of "network-attached storage" (NAS) devices, has done a quiet (but total) 180 on its enshittificatory policy of blocking third party hard drives from its products:

https://www.guru3d.com/story/synology-reverses-policy-banning-thirdparty-hdds-after-nas-sales-plummet/

Network-attached storage devices are basically boxy computers with a bunch of slots for hard-drives and one or more network cards so you can connect them to your wifi or wired network. You fill them with hard-drives and plug them in, and they show up on your network as a file-server: any device on the network can connect to them and access their files. They're great for things like libraries of music or videos, which can be streamed to your TV or smart speakers. They're essential for people who work with very large files – musicians, photographers, video and sound editors, etc. They're also great for home backups, a single storage system that everyone in your household can back up all their data to. The better ones also have some kind of "NAT traversal" that lets you connect to them from the road – just plug your NAS into your home broadband and you can access your files from anywhere in the world.

Synology doesn't just make NAS boxes, they also make hard-drives that go inside them. Earlier this year, Synology pushed an update to its devices that caused them to reject hard-drives manufactured by their rivals, including giants like Seagate. This was a blatant piece of rent-seeking, a page straight out of the inkjet printer playbook, where the company that made the box decided that this gave them the right to decide what you could put in the box.

When your printer updates itself to reject generic ink, there's an implied threat: anyone who disenshittifies this printer – by making another update that restores generic ink support – risks prosecution under "anti-circumvention" laws like Section 1201 of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. These are laws that ban reverse-engineering, even for lawful purposes, like restoring generic printer ink support:

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/11/ink-stained-wretches-battle-soul-digital-freedom-taking-place-inside-your-printer

The same goes for Synology. Under a decent and sane system of tech regulation, Synology's move to take away support for the vast majority of hard drives ever manufactured would prompt some other manufacturer to leap into the market and restore that support, by making alternative software for Synology's products. That represents a huge potential risk to Synology – once you're running a rival's software on your Synology product, it's a short leap to buying your next product from the company that saved your ass.

But because that kind of reverse-engineering is banned, enshittifiying companies like Synology don't have to worry about that kind of usurpation. They can enlist the justice system to destroy any company that tries to rescue us from their predatory behavior.

That leaves us with comparatively weak defenses against enshittification, like complaining in public, and/or buying someone else's products. These are much weaker than responses like "having a regulator fine Synology a zillion dollars for screwing us" or "having a rival company sell us a tool to disenshittify the product we already have."

Sometimes, though, those weaker measures really work. The hard drives that go in Synology's devices are fully standardized, and the data you store on them is far more valuable than the box you put them in. People in the market for a new NAS box can mix and match any hard drive with any NAS enclosure…except Synology's. That's a huge commercial disadvantage for Synology, and the fact that you can throw away your Synology box and keep your drives, and that any drive will work with any product except Synology, means that people really were able to vote with their wallets. After a catastrophic drop in sales, Synology pushed another software update that restored its support for every kind of drive.

Of course, no one should ever buy a Synology product again. They have shown us what they do when they have power over you and no one should ever give them any power over their economic future.

Remember, for enshittification to work, the company has to have locked in its users and/or business customers. Making things worse without some kind of lock-in simply precipitates a mass departure.

Contrast Synology' story with Chamberlain's. Chamberlain is a private equity-backed monopolist, a garage door-opener company that bought all the other garage door-opener companies, and then withdrew support for Homekit, a standardized way for apps to connect to home automation systems (like garage door-openers):

https://pluralistic.net/2023/11/09/lead-me-not-into-temptation/#chamberlain

When Chamberlain nuked Homekit support, they forced every owner of every Chamberlain garage door-opener (which is basically all garage door-openers) to switch to using Chamberlain's app to open and close their garages, and now every time you open your garage, you have to look at seven ads.

Where Synology customers found it easy to switch vendors, Chamberlain customers are pretty stuck. Partly, that's because Chamberlain owns all the competing brands, so they are all defective in the same way. But also, it's because garage door-openers have to be installed, generally by a professional, and switching openers is an expensive, logistically complex operation. Of course, Chamberlain's app – like all apps – is off-limits to rival companies that might reverse engineer it to block its apps, thanks to the anticircumvention law's prohibition on reverse-engineering closed systems. Chamberlain's openers are also closed systems, which prevents rivals from reverse-engineering them and restoring Homekit integration.

It's interesting to compare Synology to other companies that enshittified, only to face a humiliating climbdown and blood on the C-suite's walls. There was Unity, the giant game-development tool monopolist who decided to institute a "shared success" program where they'd put a tax on any game made with their product that did well. Interestingly, they didn't want a "shared failure" program where they'd help defray the losses of any unsuccessful game made with their product. This is like the company who sold a hammer to the carpenter who renovated your kitchen demanding a share of the proceeds when you sell your house. After a mass revolt – including an industry-wide, very public switch to Unity's competitors – the company fired its top managers and abandoned its rent-seeking efforts:

https://venturebeat.com/games/john-riccitiello-steps-down-as-ceo-of-unity-after-pricing-battle/

Then there's Sonos, who remotely, irreversibly downgraded every smart speaker they'd ever sold in a doomed bid to create a unified app for the speakers and a set of headphones they were hoping to launch. The headphones fizzled, users were furious, and the CEO was defenstrated (but the speakers still don't work):

https://www.theverge.com/2025/1/13/24342179/sonos-ceo-patrick-spence-resignation-reason-app

And earlier this year, HP, the world's most habitual and egregious enshittifier, climbed down from a breathtaking act of enshittification. The company announced that anyone calling for tech support would be put into a mandatory 15 minute hold, even if an operator was available to help out. The idea was to punish people for seeking help from a human, rather than making do with the much cheaper (and shittier) chatbot option.

People hated this and arose in towering fury, so intense that HP – world champion enshittifiers HP – backed down:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/02/22/ink-spattered-pitchforks/#racehorse-semen

If only every company could be punished for enshittifying this way. If only, say, Reddit had gotten a suitable beat-down after its shameful attacks on third-party apps:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Reddit_API_controversy

But Reddit is hard to leave. We might hate its asshole management, but we like each other, and so we hold each other hostage there because we can't agree on when to leave or where to go next.

Reddit enshittified, and so did Synology, and Synology's outraged (former) customers made them pay for it. It's one of those rare instances in which voting with your wallet actually works. Savor it.

https://pluralistic.net/2025/02/22/ink-spattered-pitchforks/#racehorse-semen

Hey look at this (permalink)

• Something extraordinary just happened https://billmckibben.substack.com/p/something-extraordinary-just-happened

• A deep dive into the rss feed reader landscape https://lighthouseapp.io/blog/feed-reader-deep-dive

• Desert and Capitalism Again https://mattbruenig.com/2025/10/03/desert-and-capitalism-again/

• The distance of leverage https://www.robinsloan.com/lab/distance-of-leverage/

• California Lets Residents Opt-Out of a Ton of Data Collection on the Web https://gizmodo.com/california-lets-residents-opt-out-of-a-ton-of-data-collection-on-the-web-2000670530

Object permanence (permalink)

#15yrsago Leaked (final?) TPP Intellectual Property chapter spells doom for free speech online https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/oct/09/wikileaks-releases-tpp-intellectual-property-rights-chapter

#15yrsago Douglas Coupland’s depressing next ten years https://web.archive.org/web/20101012190424/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/a-radical-pessimists-guide-to-the-next-10-years/article1750609/page1/

#10yrsago Canadian Tories funneled $8M in publicc money to US Republican Party’s NGO https://web.archive.org/web/20151010221542/http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/acdi-cida/contributions.nsf/Eng/33D228F6B286373D85257D420061CEB2#tphp

#10yrsago How a billionaire GOP rainmaker tried (and failed) to rewrite history by suing Mother Jones https://www.motherjones.com/media/2015/10/mother-jones-vandersloot-melaleuca-lawsuit/

#10yrsago Volkswagen CEO: Dieselgate caused by Lynndie England “rogue engineers”; execs blameless https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2015/10/volkswagen-pulls-2016-diesel-lineup-from-us-market/

#10yrsago Unicorn poop and squatty potties: the greatest viral ad in Internet history https://memex.craphound.com/2015/10/09/unicorn-poop-and-squatty-potties-the-greatest-viral-ad-in-internet-history/

#5yrsago Machine Democrats https://pluralistic.net/2020/10/09/boss-politics/#tammany-hall

#5yrsago MK-Ultra and the brainwashing grift https://pluralistic.net/2020/10/09/boss-politics/#brainwashed

Upcoming appearances (permalink)

• New Orleans: DeepSouthCon63, Oct 10-12
  http://www.contraflowscifi.org/

• New Orleans: Enshittification at Octavia Books, Oct 12
  https://www.octaviabooks.com/event/enshittification-cory-doctorow

• Chicago: How Platforms Die with Rick Perlstein (University Club), Oct 14
  https://www.eventbrite.com/e/how-platforms-die-with-cory-doctorow-tickets-1747916117159

• Los Angeles: Enshittification with David Dayen (Diesel), Oct 16
  https://dieselbookstore.com/event/2025-10-16/cory-doctorow-enshittification

• San Francisco: Enshittification at Public Works with Jenny Odell (The Booksmith), Oct 20
  https://app.gopassage.com/events/doctorow25

• PDX: Enshittification at Powell's, Oct 21
  https://www.powells.com/events/cory-doctorow-10-21-25

• Seattle: Enshittification and the Rot Economy, with Ed Zitron (Clarion West), Oct 22
  https://www.clarionwest.org/event/2025-deep-dives-cory-doctorow/

• Vancouver: Enshittification with David Moscrop (Vancouver Writers Festival), Oct 23
  https://www.showpass.com/2025-festival-39/

• Montreal: Montreal Attention Forum keynote, Oct 24
  https://www.attentionconferences.com/conferences/2025-forum

• Montreal: Enshittification at Librarie Drawn and Quarterly, Oct 24
  https://mtl.drawnandquarterly.com/events/3757420251024

• Ottawa: Enshittification (Ottawa Writers Festival), Oct 25
  https://writersfestival.org/events/fall-2025/enshittification

• Toronto: Enshittification with Dan Werb (Type Books), Oct 27
  https://www.instagram.com/p/DO81_1VDngu/?img_index=1

• Barcelona: Conferencia EUROPEA 4D (Virtual), Oct 28
  https://4d.cat/es/conferencia/

• Miami: Enshittification at Books & Books, Nov 5
  https://www.eventbrite.com/e/an-evening-with-cory-doctorow-tickets-1504647263469

• Miami: Cloudfest, Nov 6
  https://www.cloudfest.com/usa/

• Burbank: Burbank Book Festival, Nov 8
  https://www.burbankbookfestival.com/

• Lisbon: A post-American, enshittification-resistant internet, with Rabble (Web Summit), Nov 12
  https://websummit.com/sessions/lis25/92f47bc9-ca60-4997-bef3-006735b1f9c5/a-post-american-enshittification-resistant-internet/

• Cardiff: Hay Festival After Hours, Nov 13
  https://www.hayfestival.com/c-203-hay-festival-after-hours.aspx

• London: Enshittification with Sarah Wynn-Williams and Chris Morris, Nov 15
  https://www.barbican.org.uk/whats-on/2025/event/cory-doctorow-with-sarah-wynn-williams

• Seattle: Neuroscience, AI and Society (University of Washington), Dec 4
  https://compneuro.washington.edu/news-and-events/neuroscience-ai-and-society/

Recent appearances (permalink)

• Enshittification with Adam Conover (Factually)
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1EKQidRooc

• Enshittification (Everyday Anarchism)
  https://www.everydayanarchism.com/168-enshittification-cory-doctorow/

• The Trouble with Tech Companies (and Their Strategies) (Ideadcast)
  https://hbr.org/podcast/2025/10/the-trouble-with-tech-companies-and-their-strategies

• Enshittification (The Honest Broker)
  https://www.honest-broker.com/p/the-honest-broker-launches-an-interview

• Enshittification (The.Ink)
  https://the.ink/p/watch-cory-doctorow-on-why-everything

Latest books (permalink)

• "Canny Valley": A limited edition collection of the collages I create for Pluralistic, self-published, September 2025

• "Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 7 2025
  https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374619329/enshittification/

• "Picks and Shovels": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about the heroic era of the PC, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2025 (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250865908/picksandshovels).

• "The Bezzle": a sequel to "Red Team Blues," about prison-tech and other grifts, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), February 2024 (the-bezzle.org).

• "The Lost Cause:" a solarpunk novel of hope in the climate emergency, Tor Books (US), Head of Zeus (UK), November 2023 (http://lost-cause.org).

• "The Internet Con": A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech (Verso) September 2023 (http://seizethemeansofcomputation.org). Signed copies at Book Soup (https://www.booksoup.com/book/9781804291245).

• "Red Team Blues": "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books http://redteamblues.com.

• "Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

Upcoming books (permalink)

• "Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026

• "Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026

• "The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026

• "The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2026

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing:

• "The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE AND SUBMITTED.

• A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

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"When life gives you SARS, you make sarsaparilla" -Joey "Accordion Guy" DeVilla

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ISSN: 3066-764X

Ein Mix der hier gerade den perfekten Soundtrack zum grauen Herbst macht. Ob ihr das mit den Pilzen haben wollt, müsst ihr für euch entscheiden. Bei mir funktioniert er auch ohne. Witzigerweise hatte ich meine letzte Pilz-Erfahrung vor 26 Jahren zu Ravels „Bolero“, der hier dann bei 01:33:00 reinläuft. (Und mir geht es auch auf den Saque, dass Strato offenbar die Zugriffe hier drosselt, weshalb ständig eine Datenbank-Fehlermeldung angezeigt wird.)

In the quiet cradle of a sound healing ceremony, a doorway opens..
Where psilocybin casts a thread through the shadow and light of the soul.
Where the self dissolves like a mist at dawn.

This three-hour psychedelic journey is not merely a mix—
it is a medicine ritual, a sonic mycelium
woven to untangle trauma and awaken truth within.
Ancient rhythms and transcendent tones spiral inward,
guiding you gently through the fractured echoes
of buried emotion,
into the warm, fertile darkness of the self
where healing and reintegration begins.

It’s not all roses but there again so too life’s painful lessons serve to strengthen those with the heart to choose life. This journey has been carefully designed to support and seek out dissonant frequencies within the self in order that they might be resonant once more.